Community herbal monograph on achillea millefolium herba. This sunflower family relative occurs naturally in sunny meadow type habitats, in open woods and in disturbed sites. Achillea millefolium or yarrow is a flowering plant in the family asteraceae, native to the northern hemisphere. It is considerably different from western yarrow in that it has a much taller stature, aggressive vigor, and weedy characteristics. The meadows, pastures and roadsides in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere are the common home of a flowering plant known by the botanical name achillea millefolium. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Achillea millefolium extract is an extract of the leaves and flowers of. Compositae or asteraceae is a widely distributed medicinal plant throughout the world and has been used since ancient time. The word achillea refers to the greek hero achilles, who is believed to have carried the plant to treat the wounds of the soldiers, while the word millefolium meaning thousandleaf, refers to the multipinnate leaves. Common yarrow is a perennial broadleaf plant with an extensive system of underground creeping stems. Field reslit 142 the response of achillea millefolium l. Achillea millefolium article about achillea millefolium by.
Other common names for this species include gordaldo, nosebleed plant, old mans pepper, devils nettle, sanguinary, milfoil, soldiers woundwort, thousandleaf, and thousandseal. Achillea millefolium definition of achillea millefolium. Common yarrow has origins in central asia, the european continent, and the islands of scandinavia. He learned the use of yarrow for healing wounds from the centaur khiron chiron before the siege of troy, and he taught this science to his friend patroclus. Achillea millefolium common yarrow extract skin deep. The word achillea refers to the greek hero achilles, who is believed to have carried the plant to treat the wounds of the soldiers, while the word millefolium meaning thousandleaf, refers to the multipinnate leave. Grows to 2 ft high 75cm thin, lacy, fernlike leaves, white flowers, sometimes pink, purple or red, in flat clusters that stagger do not radiate from same point on stem roots crawl. Achillea millefolium linnaeus is an accepted species name. Achillea millefolium extract cosmetic ingredient inci. In september, 20, the panel changed the conclusion for achillea millefolium derived ingredients from safe as used to safe as used when formulated to be nonsensitizing. This page was last edited on 7 december 2016, at 11. Yarrow plants bloom in june, and will bloom again in september if you remove the spent clusters of. Achillea millefolium synonyms, achillea millefolium pronunciation, achillea millefolium translation, english dictionary definition of achillea millefolium.
Achillea millefolium definition of achillea millefolium by. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. The record derives from tica data supplied on 20120211 which reports it as an accepted name record 40160fe153d54c159595f5b87a104673 with original publication details. Achillea millefoliumderived ingredients as used in cosmetics. Total phenolic, flavonoids contents and antioxidant activities of methanol and aqueous extract of. Both flowers and foliage are attractive and longlasting, making white yarrow a wonderful garden plant. Leaves are evenly distributed along the stem, with the leaves near the middle and bottom of the stem being the largest. Thomas nuttall named this species achillea lanulosa in 1834 from specimens collected by meriwether lewis in idaho in about 1806. Jade shutes this article originally appeared in the international journal of professional holistic aromatherapy. Hurteau, formerly usda nrcs national plant data center, co, environmental horticulture department, university of california, davis, california species coordinator.
The two are almost identical and some references state that a. Tozyo et al, novel antitumor sesquiterpenoids in achillea millefolium, int j clin pharmacol ther, vol 35, num 7, jul 1997, pp. The first antispasmodic flavonoids, cynaroside i and cosmosiin ii scheme 1 were isolated from a. Achillea millefolium linnaeus database of vascular plants. Known by the common name yarrow, achillea millefolium is a member of the aster family, a title it shares with daisies, marigold, echinacea and dandelion.
Achillea millefolium is native to europe but has now also been naturalized in north america. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. The paper concludes that due to the antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities of the essential oil, it could be used in many applications, including as a functional ingredient in health food or as a drug for treating inflammatory related diseases. Hypersensitivity to the active substance and to other plants of the asteraceae compositae family. This species is comprised of a complex of highly variable biotypes and is found throughout california, except in deserts, to 11,500 feet 3500 m. No support needed here, may benefit from it b no disease or insects. Achillea millefolium can also lessen the formation of blood clots, lowering the risk of heart disease and other dangerous conditions. Commercial yarrow have higher content of fat and saturated fatty acids, proteins, ash, energy value, sugars and flavonoids, while the wild sample revealed higher. Yarrow achillea millefolium also forms significant weedy infestations in tasmania, but here it is generally seen as a weed of roadsides, turf and pasture areas. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Achillea millefolium european medicines agency europa eu. Antispasmodic effects of yarrow achillea millefolium l.
Southwest colorado wildflowers, achillea millefolium. This crop is looking very promising b we have some late flowers just starting to show color. Pharmaceutical quality of commercial samples article pdf available in pharmazie 631. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. It often crosses with western yarrow achillea millefolium var.
Pdf antioxidant and cytotoxic effect of aqueous and. Yarrow international journal of pharmaceutical sciences. Amended safety assessment of achillea millefoliumderived. To prepare a cup of achillea millefolium tea, add one teabag to a cup of boiled water.
These ingredients are reportedly used at concentrations up to 0. Plant the roots as listed above, then water in once lightly. Yarrow achillea millefolium is a flowering plant in the family asteraceae, it is called plumajillo, or little feather, for the shape of the leaves. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of a. Mar 10, 2018 hardy and adaptable perennial, produces large, flattopped flower clusters in a variety of colors.
Field reslit 102 age of maturity and life span in herbaceous, polycarpic perennials 2000 m. Achillea, how to grow and care for yarrow plants the. Achillea millefolium is an erect, herbaceous, perennial plant that produces one to several stems 0. Mix a couple teaspoons of garden food or bone meal into the planting hole if desired. With aromatic, feathery foliage and a long bloom season, yarrow is a hardy and reliable plant that will spread quickly in ideal conditions. Lady bird johnson wildflower center the university of. Preparing achillea millefolium tea is a simple process. Achillea filipendulina and achillea millefolium are the most popular species and are both hardy in zones 310. Achillea millefolium an overview sciencedirect topics. Occurrence yarrow is a polycarpic perennial, native in meadows and pasture, lawns, banks, hedgerows and waysides, very common in britain stace, 1997. The achillea genus was named by linnaeus in 1753 when he also named this species achillea millefolium from specimens collected in europe.
Achillea millefolium, commonly called common yarrow, is a rhizomatous, spreading, upright to matforming perennial that is considered by many to be an aggressive weed. Dry entire plant used as tea for stomach problems, colds, flu, cramps, fevers, liver. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth and production of photosynthetic pigments and of volatile constituents of. The latin name of the plant are achillea millefolium, and the word achillea, is derived from the legend of greek hero achilles who healed the wounds of his fellow soldiers with yarrow. Native forms are mostly tetraploid, with narrow leafsegments disposed in various planes so that the leaf is 3dimensional 33. Achillea millefolium article about achillea millefolium. Chemical composition of wild and commercial achillea millefolium l. Inflorescence hemispheric 215 cm across with numerous heads. Moradi mt, rafieiankoupaei m, imanirastabi r, et al.
Kat anderson usda nrcs national plant data center, co plant. Achillea millefolium white yarrow is a graceful perennial wildflower which produces an abundance of huge, flat clusters, 5 in. This change was to address the concern that plants of the compositae family, of which a. Introduction yarrow is a venerable plant of ancient medicinal repute hatfield, 1971. Achillea millefolium extract is an extract of the leaves and flowers of the yarrow, achillea millefolium l. Typical european achillea millefolium is hexaploid with flat leaves. Yarrow essential oil achillea millefolium the school of. Popular indications of the several species of this genus. He learned the use of yarrow for healing wounds from the centaur khiron chiron before the siege of troy, and he taught this science to. Achillea millefolium simple english wikipedia, the free. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in.
Herbal substances binomial scientific name of the plant, including plant part. Achillea millefolium extract is an extract of the whole plant of the yarrow, achillea millefolium functions. Both flowers and foliage are attractive and longlasting, making white yarrow a. Community herbal monograph on achillea millefolium l. Uses, side effects, interactions, dosage, and warning. Achillea millefolium extract was reported to be used in perfumes and face powders, and could possibly be inhaled. Jul 03, 2019 the use of yarrow in food and medicine dates back at least to 1200 bc. It has been introduced as a feed for livestock in places like new zealand and australia, where it is a common herb of both wet and dry areas, such as roadsides. I found some of these growing along highway 1 a few weeks ago too. Achillea millefolium, commonly known as yarrow, belongs to the family asteraceae. Determination of total phenolic and flavonoids contents in. They are borne on tall stems atop a pleasantly aromatic, green, fernlike foliage that is disease resistant.
Volatile oils trace thujone, and many others, lactones, bioflavonoids, bitters, alkaloids, tannins. Phytochemicals, antioxidant, and antityrosinase activities of achillea. Therefore, in the present paper different extracts of yarrow. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. It it relatively widespread and common, particularly in agricutrural areas the northeast e. Achillea millefolium yarrow from new moon nurseries. It is used in the treatment of a very wide range of disorders but is particularly valuable for treating wounds, stopping the. Achillea millefolium ubiquitous strongscented matforming eurasian herb of wasteland, hedgerow or pasture having narrow serrate leaves and small. Growing requirements for yarrow yarrow belongs to a group of plants that includes many perennial, drought resistant plants that will grow in almost any garden soil.
Yarrow achillea millefolium found on taft point trail in a shady wooded area, yosemite. Phytochemical investigations of achillea species have revealed that many components from this genus are highly bioactive. It is native to temperate regions of the northern hemisphere in asia, europe, and north america. Achillea millefolium linnaeus database of vascular. Achillea millefolium white family asteraceae genus achillea can be matforming or upright perennials, mostly herbaceous, with sometimes aromatic, pinnately divided or simple and toothed leaves and flattened clusters of small, daisylike flowerheads. Antioxidant and cytotoxic effect of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of the achillea millefolium l. The hierarchy for antioxidant capacity with respect to their ec50 values was methanolic extract aqueous extract table 1. It is the most widespread and one of the most widely used medicinal plants in the world. According to legend, the greek hero achilles is said to have utilized yarrow to stop the bleeding styptic of. Yarrow essential oil achillea millefolium the school. Common yarrow from europe and asia was originally introduced to america in colonial times, and has since naturalized throughout the u. Aug 09, 2016 the latin name of the plant are achillea millefolium, and the word achillea, is derived from the legend of greek hero achilles who healed the wounds of his fellow soldiers with yarrow. Achillea millefolium cultivars may actually be rampant in soil that is too rich, so lean is usually better. Achillea millefolium is a plant used as a component of antidiabetic preparation but the bioactive compounds responsible for its use are not known.
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